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* Networking - basics   - units     - B: bytes     - b: bits   - IEEE standard: 802     - 802.3: ethernet     - 802.3u: fast ethernet     - 802.11: WiFi     - 802.15: BlueTooth   - definition     - collection/group of devices (mobiles/machines/kitchen application)     - to exchange/share the information   - topology     - physical arrangement of machines     - types       - bus       - ring       - connected ring       - star       - mesh   - types     - wired       - medium: wire/cable       - cables         - co-axial         - category cable (cat cable) (Twisted pairs)           - types             - UTP: Unshielded Twisted P...

Derived class to derived class is multilevel inheritance  derived class inheritance from many base classes is called multiple inheritance Friend function can access all three data member(Public,private,protected) copy constructor must receive argument by pass by reference  new operator is used to allocate memory dynamically reference can be automatically deference new returns appropriate pointer, malloc returns void * and pointer needs to typecast to appropriate type. new calls constructor, malloc does not.   new is an operator, malloc is a function.  pure virtual function is defined only in derived class  pure virtual function have to redefined for inherited class  access modifiers are private,public,protected when class is declared no memory is allocated but when object is created then memory is allocated to class  class is user defined data type which holds data type and data member the process of deriving new class ...

SYNONYMS  Harbinger = prelude,forewarning,augury,indication,signal...etc endorsement = supportive,   backing ,  approval ,  seal of approval,  agreement ,  acceptance ,  recommendation ,  advocacy ,  championship ,  patronage   etc stagnant = motionless,still,slow,slow moving Foment = instigate,incite perpetual =  everlasting ,  never-ending ,  eternal ,  permanent ,  unending ,  endless , without end,  lasting ,  long-lasting ,  constant ,  abiding ,  enduring ,  perennial ,  timeless ,  ageless ,  deathless ,  undying ,  immortal ;  More hoof= foot of horse boulevard = a wide street in a town or city, typically one lined with trees. ANTONYMS Fractious * contented,dutiful,affable taciturn * talkative,  loquacious

Special divisibility cases  div by 7 num. + unit digit * 7 BEST::=> difference between group of 3 digit alternate bundle is either 0 or multiple of 3. div by 17 num. - unit digit * 5 div by 13 num + unit digit * 4 div by 31 num - unit digit * 3 div by 29 num + unit digit * 1 ` Sum of 1st odd numbers==n^2;==>n=(last no.+1)/2; Sum of 1st even number ==n(n+1)==>n=last no./2; number of matches in knock out tournament is (n-1) multiplication of a number with unit digit is called osculator Osculators are either +ve or -ve +ve Osculator  The number ending with 9,19,29,39 then its osculator is 1 are (0+1=1),(1+1=2),(2+1=3),(3+1=4) respectively and so on for the number ending with 3 we multiply with whole number by 3 so that last number becomes 9 and apply the same rule -ve Osculator  for the number ending with 1 or 7 we apply the -ve osculators  For 1 ending digit just drop the last digit and remaining...

Float format for print { value:width.precesion f} result =0.28715647 eg. print('result {r:10:3f}').format(r = result) see link its too good https://pyformat.info/ use tab button to auto complete the string  Strings are immutable means we can't modify the any index of the string also dictionaries are immutable while in list are mutable we can change index at any where mylist=[1,2,3,4,5] mylist.append(6) result should be [1,2,3,4,5,6] don't assign the variable name to already defined function such as in case of list it is mylist.append(), mylist.pop(), mylist.sort() dictionary formatting dictionary is same as list but the difference is that in dic. at every index there is key value present as like below {'key1': 'string/list/value', 'key2': 'string/list/value'}  point is that dictionaries available in curly parenthesis dictionaries doesn't have any retain order and sequences tuples are also immutable eg. (...